viernes, 27 de octubre de 2017

Daphne du Maurier



Dephne du Maurier

RETRATOS AJENOS
Daphne du Maurier

FICCIONES
Casa de citas / Daphne du Maurier / Cochero y caballos
Casa de citas / Daphne du Maurier / El hechizo
Casa de citas / Daphne du Maurier / La vida
Casa de citas / Daphne du Maurier / Nota oficial

DE OTROS MUNDOS
Así comienza / Rebecca 
Daphe du Murier / Los pájaros
Daphne du Maurier / La posada en el páramo
Y Daphne du Maurier me sedujo
El cuento macabro de Daphne du Maurier
Daphne du Maurier / El muñeco / Reseña

MESTER DE BREVERÍA
Daphne du Maurier / Cuerpos

DRAGON



Daphne du Maurier
(1907-1989)

Daphne du Maurier was an English writer of romantic suspense novels, mostly set on the coast of Cornwall where she spent most of her life. She is best-known for her bestseller novels RebeccaJamaica Inn, Frenchman's Creek, and My Cousin Rachel, with all these novels becoming film blockbusters.


Daphne du Maurier was born in London on May 13, 1907. She came from an artistic family whose father was an actor-manager. Her grandfather was an artist and novelist. She was married to Frederick Arthur Montague Browning, a lieutenant-general in the British Army.



In 1969, Du Maurier was made a Dame of the British Empire. She died in Cornwall on April 19, 1989, at the age of 81.


Her first novel, The Loving Spirit, was published when Du Maurier was 24-years-old. A string of other novels followed, some of them with historical settings.



Her most famous book, Rebecca, is a Gothic bestseller. The hero in the story is unable to forget his tragic first marriage while he tries to be happy with his second wife, Rebecca.
Rebecca was made into a movie in 1940, starring Laurence Olivier and Joan Fontaine, and was voted the best picture of that year. It was directed by the famous director Alfred Hitchcock, who also directed the 1963 film of du Maurier's frightening novel The Birds starring Tippi Hedren in her movie debut.
Other bestsellers also made into successful motion pictures include Jamaica Inn, a tale of smugglers, Frenchman's Creek, a pirate romance, and My Cousin Rachel, a sensational romance.




Other Writing Genres of Du Maurier

Du Maurier also wrote biographies of members of her family and of Francis Bacon, an English statesman in the 1500s and 1600s, and a notable biography of Anne Brontë. At age 70 she published her autobiography, Myself When Young.


Daphne Du Maurier Quote

Du Maurier once wrote, "We are all ghosts of yesterday, and the phantom of tomorrow awaits us alike in the sunshine or in shadow, dimly perceived at times, never entirely lost." ~ Growing Pains, Published in the USA as Myself When Young.



Rebecca by Daphne Du Maurier

The best 20th century version of the Jane Eyre/Wuthering Heights story, built off the identical premise of a dark host. It is the introduction of noir, partly due to Hitchcock's popular film adaptation and the darker results of the drama that made du Maurier's novel such a sensation in its own time. Now it serves a set of new readers as the ideal paperback for any occasion.


Works by Daphne Du Maurier

  • The Loving Spirit, 1931
  • Jamaica Inn, 1936
  • Rebecca, 1938
  • Frenchman's Creek, 1941
  • September Tide, 1948
  • My Cousin Rachel, 1951
  • Kiss Me Again, Stranger (including The Birds), 1952
  • The Scapegoat, 1957
  • Vanishing Cornwall, 1967
  • Myself When Young, 1977


Sources:

  • Goring, Rosemary, Ed. Larousse Dictionary of Writers. New York: Larousse, 1994.
  • Ousby, Ian. The Cambridge Guide to Literature in English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
  • Payne, Tom. The A-Z of Great Writers. London: Carlton, 1997.






The house that inspired Daphne du Maurier


Christopher Ondaatje steps into the romantic getaway in Cornwall where the aspiring author wrote her first novel ‘The Loving Spririt’

Long before Rebecca, and long before Menabilly (Manderley in Daphne du Maurier’s best loved novel) there was Ferryside. The large 1860s cream and blue building cradled into the water’s edge is a former boathouse which was discovered by her, with her mother and two sisters, while motoring down to the south coast of Cornwall in September 1926. She was only 19 years old.

The house she loved (top) and (right) Daphne du Maurier rowing across Fowey estuary to “Ferryside’

As she remembered “The hired car swept round the curve of the hill and suddenly the full expanse of Fowey harbour was spread beneath us. The contrast between this sheet of wide water, the nearby jetties, the moored ships, the grey roofs of Fowey across the way, the clustering cottages of Polruan on the opposite hill by the harbour mouth, and narrow claustrophobic Looe where we had spent the night on our way down from London was astonishing, like the gateway to another world.” It is still the same today.

Ferryside is right on the water at the foot of the hill in Bodinnick. In 1926 the car deposited the budding novelist’s mother and daughters at the foot of the hill by the ferry and they either had to cross the ferry into Fowey (pronounced Foy) or else lunch at the Old Ferry Inn which is still there today opposite Ferryside. Climbing the hill to the Inn the girls noticed a “For Sale” sign on a gate just above the ferry. Behind it was a strange looking house built like a Swiss chalet. The ferryman standing nearby confirmed that it was called Swiss Cottage and that they used to build boats there, and use the second floor for lofts.

After lunch the du Maurier girls, led by Daphne, went into the boat yard and found yet another gate that led to the other side of the house and discovered the remains of a garden. The chalet part of the house was built against the rock, with the windows facing out across the harbour. Nothing has changed. The house is still owned by Kits Browning, Daphne du Maurier’s son, and I visited him on a glorious day this summer. Looking out from the house I could imagine the young du Maurier seeing the blue water immediately below as I looked towards the harbour mouth. Boats were everywhere and larger yachts at anchor. “There was a smell in the air of tar and rope and rusted chain, a smell of tidal water,” du Maurier remembered.

Here then was the isolation that the young du Maurier craved – away from the crowded city life with all its duties and restrictions. Here was the freedom to write, to explore, to climb the hill walks, to boat, and to be alone. Swiss Cottage was bought and re-named Ferryside. All through that winter and the next spring decorators and builders transformed the old boat house and in May that year she came back to Ferryside and was left alone for the first time in her life. It was here in the middle floor bedroom overlooking the harbour that she wrote her first novel The Loving Spirit published in 1931. It is a room for dreamers and the bewitched du Maurier wrote three other novels before the publication in 1938 of Rebecca that made her one of the most popular authors of her day. Menabilly is only a few miles away across the estuary on the Gribbin peninsula.

The way she was:
Portrait of the young Daphne du Maurier

Ferryside today is exactly what you would expect it to be – full of character, jammed with family memorabilia: the Harrington Mann portrait of a youthful Daphne du Maurier, a smaller version of the Frederick Whiting portrait of the young du Maurier sisters (now in the House of Lords), portraits of both Kits’ father, Major Tommy “Boy” Browning, and his grandfather the actor-manager Gerald du Maurier. Silver-framed family photographs are all dotted around the ground-floor drawing room. As one enters Ferryside from the front door one looks down the length of the dining room to two comfortable pale green and cream sofas around an old brick log-burning fireplace. At the end of the drawing room is an enormous mirror which cleverly gives the impression that the room continues on for several feet. In the north-west corner is the giant figurehead of the abandoned schooner Jane Slade which inspired The Loving Spirit. It is not a huge house but the location is superbly romantic. The side hatch door opens right on to the Fowey estuary and is separated from the water only by a parapet and narrow strip of lawn.

The three light airy bedrooms on the middle floor are reached by a stairway that climbs up the inside of the white painted rock face against which Ferryside is built. “I for this, and this for me”, du Maurier said. It was at Ferryside that she met and fell in love with the 35- year-old Major Tommy “Boy” Browning of the Grenadier Guards, who was so enamoured with The Loving Spirit that he cruised into Fowey in his 20 foot boat Ygdrasil in 1931 determined to meet the young author. They were married in July the following year in the 14th century Lanteglos Church some way up the Polruan hill behind Ferryside.

Curiously the kitchen at Ferryside is conveniently on the top floor of the house next to the master bedroom. It spills out on to a deck with a staggeringly beautiful view southwards down the Fowey estuary and the open sea. Only a solitary palm tree silhouetted against the skyline disturbs an otherwise tranquil horizon.

Not surprisingly for a house as old as Ferryside the ceilings are quite low – but not threatening except for the entrance doors. At night the lights of Polruan and Fowey give glimpses of a different world. Anchored ships reach up through the darkness. Ghost trees frame the legendary scene and one hears or imagines suspicious voices echoing over the sweeping bay. This is where smugglers used to ply their trade.

Christopher Ondaatje (right)
with Kits Browning

The six mile Hall Walk from Ferryside is a simple stroll through the lower reaches of Port Pil and on to Polruan. Follow it and it will return you safely back to Bodinnick.

As Kits Browning explained, his mother never actually owned Ferryside but lived here on and off from the home she shared in Kent with her husband and eventually three children. Then in 1943, on a whim, she rented the mysterious and dilapidated Menabilly from the Rashleigh family. It was in a fearful state but she somehow restored it and lived there for the next 26 years.

However, it was in Ferryside that she discovered herself and the magical world of make-believe and it was from here, while walking that she discovered the derelict schooner Jane Slade, and it was in Ferryside that she began writing The Loving Spirit one “wild day in October with a howling sou’westerly wind and slashing rain, a rug wrapped around my knees, sitting at the desk in my bedroom at Ferryside. Its title came from a poem by Emily Bronte.

The inspiration to write a novel comes from within. The Loving Spirit was inspired by the sense of freedom that my new existence at Ferryside brought.” It is that sense of freedom that still exists today at Ferryside.






Daphne du Maurier
(1907-1989)



English novelist, biographer, and playwright, who published romantic suspense novels, mostly set on the coast of Cornwall. Du Maurier is best known for REBECCA (1938), filmed by Alfred Hitchcock in 1940. Orson Welles's radio adaptation from 1938 also paved way for its success. The novel has been characterized as the last and most famous imitations of Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre (1847).
"Adventure was here. Adventure was there. Adventure was in picking up a posy dropped by a lady and offering it to an old gentleman who patted her head and gave her two-pence. Adventure was in gazing into pawnbrokers' windows, in riding in wagons when the carter smiled, in scuffling with apprentice boys, in hovering outside the bookshops, and when the bookseller was inside, tearing out the middle pages to read at home, for prospective purchasers never looked at anything but the beginning and the end." (from Mary Anne, 1954)
Daphne du Maurier was born in London into an artistic family. She was the granddaughter of caricaturist George du Maurier, her mother, Muriel Beaumont, was an actress, and her father was the actor-manager Sir Gerald du Maurier, who turned to writing and created the mad hypnotist Svengali. One of her ancestors was Mary Anne Clarke, the mistress of the duke of York, second son of King George III. She later became the heroine of du Maurier's novel MARY ANNE (1954). In 1831 Mary Anne Clarke's daughter married Louis-Mathurin Busson du Maurier. Her father Du Maurier portrayed in GERALD (1934). THE GLASS-BLOWERS (1963) was a novel about the Busson family.
Du Maurier grew up in a lively London household, where friends like J.M. Barrie and Edgar Wallace visited frequently. She was a voracious reader, fascinated by imaginary worlds. Her uncle, a magazine editor, published one of her stories when Du Maurier was only a teenager and got her a literary agent. Keen aware that of her father's desire for a son, she grew up wishing that she had been a boy. However, she was her father's favorite, partly due to her literary talents. Her masculine alter ego she called "Eric Avon". Du Maurier also had a male narrator in several novels. Later in life she wrote in a letter, "And then the boy realised he had to grow up and not to be a boy any longer, so he turned into a girl and not an unattractive one at that, and the boy was locked in a box forever."
Du Maurier attended schools in London, Meudon, France, and Paris. Her first book, THE LOVING SPIRIT, appeared in 1931. It was followed by JAMAICA INN (1936), a historical tale of smugglers, which was bought for the movies, and directed by Alfred Hitchcock, who later used her short story, 'The Birds', a tense tale of nature turning on humanity, for another film production. Also Du Maurier's FRENCHMAN'S CREEK, a pirate romance, and MY COUSIN RACHEL (1951), were succesfully filmed. The latter examined how a man may be manipulated by a woman, who perhaps has murdered her husband. Ambrose Ashley meets the beautiful Rachel Sangaletti, marries her and died six months later. He has sent letters to his nephew Philip, the narrator, who first hates Rachel, and then is bewitched by her. Du Maurier leaves open the question, is Rachel a posoner, or an innocent victim of Ambrose's and then Philip's paranoid fantasies. The author herself was as puzzled as her readers, did Rachel kill Ambrose. "Sometimes I think she did, sometimes I didn't - in the end I just couldn't make up my mind," du Maurier said. Rachel dies, taking the secret with her, but Philip's role in her death is clear, and perhaps he is the real murderer of the story.
Before du Maurier married Lieutenant Colonel Frederick Arthur Montague Browning II in 1932, she had sexual liaison with the director Carol Reed. Browning, who was knighted for his distinguished service during World War II, died in 1965. Though their union appeared perfect on the surface – they were married for thirty-three years and had three children – she felt uncomfortable with other army wives. In 1947 Du Maurier fell in love with Ellen Doubleday, the wife of her American publisher, who remained her lifelong friend, and then with the actress Gertrude Lawrence.
Du Maurier was made dame in 1969 for her literary distinction. She died on April 19, 1989. Her pictorial memoir, ENCHANTED CORNWALL, appeared posthumously in 1992. With her son, Christian, she published VANISHING CORNWALL in 1967. LikeRebecca, many of her novels and short stories were set in Cornwall, England's westernmost county, whose wild, stormy weather and wild past inspired her imagination. "Here was the freedom I desired, long sought-for, not yet known," she wrote in Vanishing Cornwall. "Freedom to write, to walk, to wander, freedom to climb hills, to pull a boat, to be alone." Du Maurier's home was at a seventeenth-century mansion, Menabilly, overlooking the sea, for a quarter of a century. The house became the scene of her historical novel THE KING'S GENERAL (1946).
Rebecca's opening line, "Last night I dreamt I went to Manderley again," is among the most memorable in twentieth-century literature. The story centers on a young and timid heroine. Her life is made miserable by her strangely behaving husband, Maxim de Winter, whom she just have married. Maxim is a wealthy widower, whose wife Rebecca has died in mysterious circumstances. His house is ruled by Mrs. Danvers, the housekeeper, who has made Rebecca's room a shrine. Du Maurier focuses on the fears and fantasies of the new wife, who eventually learns, that her husband did not love his former wife, a cruel, egoistical woman. Because of the familiar plot, suits of plagiarism were brought against du Maurier, but they were dropped when the widespread use of the theme, beginning from Charlotte Brontë's works, was established. Rebecca has also similarities with Carolina Nabuco's book A Sucessora (1934). Du Maurier's story, on the other hand, inspired Maureen Freely's The Other Rebecca (1996), in which the enigmatic Maxim de Winter appears as Max Midwinter.
Du Maurier started to write Rebecca while traveling in Egypt. First the work progressed slowly, but then Du Maurier poured all of her own emotions in the central characted after learning about her husband's earlier live and his great love, Jan Ricardo, who had been an exotic, dark beauty. Ricardo died tragically during the war; she committed suicide by throwing herself under a train. Before Alfred Hitchcock's film version, Orson Welles made a radio dramatization of Rebecca. It was performed in December 1938 by The Campbell Playhouse and sponsored by Campbell Soup. The adaptation starts with Bernard Herrmann's waltz-ladden score, but is then interrupted by an "important message from a man who keeps one eye on the dining table and another on the pantry..." Welles played Maxim de Winter and Margaret Sullavan the second Mrs de Winter. The producer David O. Selznick sent a transcript of the broadcast to Hitchcock. "If we do in motion pictures as fauthful a job as Welles did on the radio," Selznick wrote, "we are likely to have the same success the book had and the same success that Welles had."
Besides popular novels Du Maurier published short stories, plays, and biographies, among others Branwell Brontë's, the brother of sisters Anne, Charlotte and Emily. Her biography of Francis Bacon, an English statesman in the 1500s and 1600s, appeared in 1976. Du Maurier's autobiography, GROWING PAINS, was published when she was 70. In the late 1950s, du Maurier began to take interest in the supernatural. During this period she wrote several stories, which explored fears and paranoid fantasies, among them 'The Pool', in which a young girl glimpses a magical world in the woods, but is later barred from it, and 'The Blue Lenses', in which a woman sees everyone around her having the head of an animal. In 1970 appeared her second collection of short stories, NOT AFTER MIDNIGHT, which included 'Don't Look Now', a tale set in Venice, involving a psychic old lady, a man with the sixth sense, and a murderous dwarf. A film version of the story, directed by Nicholas Roeg, was made in 1973. Du Maurier received in 1977 the Grand Master Award from the Mystery Writers of America.


For further readingDaphne Du Maurier by Richard Kelly ( 1987); Daphne: The Life of Daphne du Maurier by Judith Cook (1991); The Private World of Daphne du Maurier by Martyn Shallcross (1992); Daphne du Maurier by Margaret Forster (1993); Daphne Du Maurier: A Daughter's Memoir by Flavia Leng (1995); Daphne Du Maurier: Writing, Identity and the Gothic Imagination by Avril Horner, Sue Zlosnik (1998); Mystery and Suspense Writers, vol. 1, ed. by Robin W. Winks (1998); Daphne Du Maurier, Haunted Heiress by Nina Auerbach (1999) -George Du Maurier (1834-96). Artist and illustrator, born in Paris. Joined the staff of Punch, and gained fame as a satirist. Wrote and illustrated three novels. He produced his first novel, Peter Ibbetson (1891), at the age of fifty-six, and then wrote Trilby (1894), which brought the name of a character, Svengali, to common use. - Note: Du Maurier's and actress Gertrude Lawrence's love letters were published in Daphne Du Maurier: The Secret Life of the Renowned Storyteller by Margaret Forster (1993).

Selected works:
  • THE LOVING SPIRIT, 1931
  • I'LL NEVER BE YOUNG AGAIN, 1932
  • THE PROGRESS OF JULIUS, 1933
  • GERALD: A PORTRAIT, 1934
  • JAMAICA INN, 1936 - Film 1939, dir. by Alfred Hitchcock, script Sidney Gillant, Joan Harrison, J:B. Priestley, based on Daphne Du Maurier's novel (uncredited), starring Maureen O'Hara, Robert Newton and Charles Laughton; 1983, TV movie, dir. Lawrence Gordon Clark, teleplay Derek Marlowe, starring Jane Seymour, Patrick McGoohan and Trevor Eve; 1995, L'auberge de la Jamaïque, TV movie prod. 13 Productions, France 2 Cinéma, dir. Gilles Béhat, starring Alice Béat, Isabelle Roelandt and Harry Cleven.
  • THE DU MAURIERS, 1937
  • REBECCA, 1938 - Rebecca (suom. Helvi Vasara, 1938) - Films: 1940, dir. by Alfred Hitchcock, starring Laurence Olivier, Joan Fontaine, George Sanders. Rebecca was one of the top five box-office hits of 1940 and won Academy Awards for Best Picture and Cinematography. However, all reviews were not positive: "Dave Selznick's picture is too tragic and deeply psychological to hit the fancy of wide audience appeal... General audiences will tab it as a long-drawn out drama that could have been told better in less footage." (Variety, March 27. 1940) Du Maurier herself did not like the film, which shifted the locale from Cornwall to America. - 1948, TV movie, in The Philco Television Playhouse, dir. Fred Coe, with Bob Haymes, Bert Lytell and Florence Reed; 1950, TV movie, in Robert Montgomery Presents, with Barbara Bel Geddes, Robert Montgomery and Sue Ellen Blake; 1952, TV movie, in Broadway Television Theatre, with Patricia Breslin and Scott Forbes; 1962, TV movie, prod. National Broadcasting Company (NBC), starring James Mason, Joan Hackett and Nina Foch; 1969, TV movie, prod. Radiotelevisione Italiana (RAI), dir. Eros Macchi, starring Amedeo Nazzari, Ileana Ghione and Elena Zareschi; 1969, Mi amor por ti, TV series, dir. Raúl Araiza, with María Rivas, Guillermo Murray and Anita Blanch; 1979, TV mini-series, prod. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), dir. Simon Langton, starring Jeremy Brett, Joanna David and Elspeth March; 1997, TV movie, dir. Jim O'Brien, starring Charles Dance, Diana Rigg and Geraldine James; Rebecca, la prima moglie, 2008, TV drama, prod. Rai Fiction, Titanus, dir. Riccardo Milani, with Alessio Boni, Cristiana Capotondi and Mariangela Melato.
  • HAPPY CHRISTMAS, 1940
  • REBECCA, 1940 (play)
  • COME WIND, COME WEATHER, 1941
  • FRENCHMAN'S CREEK, 1941 - Merirosvo ja kartanonrouva (suom. Raili Phan-Chan, 1968) - Film 1944, dir. by Mitchell Leisen, starring Joan Fontaine, Arturo de Cordova, Basil Rathbone, Nigel Bruce; 1998, TV film, prod. Carlton Television, dir. FerdinandFairfax, with Tara Fitzgerald, Anthony Delon and Tim Dutton.
  • HUNGRY HILL, 1943 (film adaptation in 1947) - Neljänteen sukupolveen (suom. Maija-Liisa Virtanen, 1955) - Film 1947, prod. Two Cities Films, dir. Brian Desmond Hurst, screenplay Daphne du Maurier with Terence Young and Francis Crowdy, starring Margaret Lockwood, Dennis Price, Cecil Parker, Michael Denison.
  • SPRING PICTURE, 1944
  • THE YEARS BETWEEN, 1944 (play)
  • LONDON AND PARIS, 1945
  • THE YEARS BETWEEN, 1945 - Film: 1946, prod. Sydney Box Productions, dir. by Compton Bennett, starring Michael Redgrave, Valerie Hobson, Flora Robson, Felix Aylmer.
  • THE KING'S GENERAL, 1946 
  • SEPTEMBER TIDE, 1948 (play) - Films: 1950, TV movie, in Kraft Television Theatre, with Ruth Matteson and Robert Pastene; 1952, TV movie, in Kraft Television Theatre, with Robert Pastene and Esther Ralston; 1954, TV movie dir. Buzz Kulik, with Maureen O'Sullivan and John Sutton.
  • SEPTEMBER TIDE, 1949
  • THE PARASITES, 1949
  • THE YOUNG GEORGE DU MAURIER, 1951 (ed.)
  • MY COUSIN RACHEL, 1951 - Serkkuni Raakel (suom. Kyllikki Mäntylä, 1952) - Films: 1952, prod. Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation, dir. by Henry Koster, script Nunnally Johnson. starring Olivia de Haviland, Richard Burton, Audrey Dalton, Ronald Squire; 1983, TV mini-series, prod. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), with Geraldine Chaplin, Christopher Guard and Jamie Cresswell.
  • THE APPLE TREE: A SHORT NOVEL AND SEVERAL LONG STORIES, 1952 (includes The Birds; as Kiss Me Again, Stranger, 1953; The Birds and Other Stories, 1968) - Linnut ja muita kertomuksia (suom. Liisa Hakola, 3. p. 1975) / Kauhunkierre: viisi kertomusta (suom. Liisa Hakola, 1976) - Films: The Birds, TV film 1955, in Danger, adaptation James P. Cavanagh, with Betty Lou Holland, Michael Strong and Ian Tucker; The Birds, 1962, prod. Universal Pictures, Alfred J. Hitchcock Productions, dir. Alfred Hitchcock, script Evan Hunter, starring Rod Taylor, Tippi Hedren, Suzanne Pleshette, Jessica Tandy. Birds was slaughtered by Stanley Kauffman in the New Republic (April 13, 1963):"The script by Evan Hunter... is absolutely bereft of even the slick-magazine sophistication that Hitchcock's films usually have. The dialogue is stupid, the characters insufficiently developed to rank as cliches, the story incohesive... Suzanne Pleshette as a local schoolteacher is unobjectionable. The rest of the cast are offensively bad." - Kiss Me Again, Stranger, TV film 1953, in Suspense, dir. Robert Mulligan, adaptation James P. Cavanagh, with Maria Riva, Richard Waring and Esther Mitchell; Kiss Me Again, Stranger, TV film 1958, in Pursuit, dir. David Greene, with Mary Beth Hughes, Jeffrey Hunter and Myron McCormick; Kiss Me Again Stranger, TV movie 1974, in Rex Harrison Presents Stories of Love, dir. John Badham, Arnold Laven, with Rex Harrison, Bill Bixby and Lloyd Bochner.
  • MARY ANNE, 1954 - Mary Anne (suom. Maija-Leena Reunanen, 1954)
  • EARLY STORIES, 1954
  • THE SCAPEGOAT, 1957 - Kaksoisolento (suom. Maija-Leena Reunanen, 1957) - Film 1958, prod. Du Maurier-Guinness, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, dir. Robert Hamer, script Gore Vidal, Robert Hamer, starring Bette Davis, Alec Guinness, Nicole Maurey, Irene Worth.
  • THE BREAKING POINT, 1959 - Linnut ja muita kertomuksia (suom. Liisa Hakola, 3. p. 1975) / 
  • THE INFERNAL WORLD OF BRANWELL BRONTË, 1960
  • THE TREASURY OF DU MAURIER SHORT STORIES, 1960
  • CASTLE D'OR, 1962 (with Arthur Quiller-Couch)
  • THE GLASS BLOWERS, 1963
  • THE FLIGHT OF THE FALCON, 1965 
  • VANISHING CORNWALL, 1967
  • THE HOUSE ON THE STRAND, 1969 
  • NOT AFTER MIDNIGHT, 1971 (includes Don't Look Now) - Film: Don't Look Now, 1973, prod. Casey Productions, Eldorado Films, D.L.N. Ventures Partnership, dir. Nicolas Roeg, screenplay Allan Scott, Chris Bryant, starring Julie Christie, Donald Sutherland, Hilary Mason, Clelia Matania.
  • RULE BRITANNIA, 1972 
  • GOLDEN LADS, 1975
  • THE BREAKTHROUGH, 1976 (television play)
  • THE WINDING STAIR: FRANCIS BACON, HIS RISE AND FALL, 1976
  • ECHOES FROM THE MACABRE, 1976
  • GROWING PAINS: THE SHAPING OF A WRITER, 1977 (US title: Myself When Young, 1977)
  • FOUR GREAT CORNISH NOVELS, 1978
  • THE RENDEZVOUS, AND OTHER STORIES, 1980
  • THE "REBECCA" NOTEBOOK, AND OTHER MEMORIES, 1981
  • CLASSICS OF THE MACABRE, 1987
  • MY COUSIN RACHEL, 1990 (play, ed. by Diana Morgan)
  • ENCHANTED CORNWALL, 1992
  • DAPHNE DU MAURIER: LETTERS FROM MENABILLY, 1994 (ed. by Oriel Malet)





viernes, 20 de octubre de 2017

George Saunders

George Saunders

George Saunders
(1958)

I was born in Amarillo, Texas, grew up in Chicago, and (barely) graduated from the Colorado School of Mines with a degree in exploration geophysics.  There was an oil-boom on, which meant that even someone like me could get work in the oil-fields.  So after college I went to work in Sumatra, as a field geophysicist.  We worked four weeks on and two weeks off, in a jungle camp that was a forty-minute helicopter ride to the nearest town – so this is when my reading life really started.  The game became filling up an entire suitcase with books sufficient to get me through the next two weeks of camp life.  About a year and a half at this job, I got sick after going swimming in a river that was polluted with monkey shit (I remember looking up at about 200 of them, sitting on our oil pipeline crapping away, and thinking: “I wonder if swimming here is okay?”) and came home to try and be Kerouac II.  I worked as a doorman, a roofer, a convenience store clerk, and a slaughterhouse worker (a “knuckle-puller,” to be exact), and all of this contributed to my understanding of capitalism as a benign-looking thing that, as Terry Eagleton says, “plunders the sensuality of the body.”
I’d always been interested in reading, ever since a nun I was secretly in love with turned me on to “Johnny Tremaine” in third grade.  But I’d never met a writer and so it took me awhile to realize that a person could actually write for a living. 
In 1986, at a wild party in Amarillo, Texas, I found a copy of People Magazine in which Jay McInernry and Raymond Carver were profiled.  Before this, I’d never heard of an MFA program.  I applied to Syracuse, got in, and had the great good fortune of studying there with Tobias Wolff and Douglas Unger.  I also met my future wife, Paula Redick there, and we got engaged in three weeks, which I believe is still a program record.  Paula got pregnant on the honeymoon, went into early labor at four months, and had to go on total bedrest.  Our first daughter, Caitlin, was born in 1988.  Our second daughter, Alena, was born in 1990, by the same method: five months of bedrest.  So we had two daughters before we’d known each other three years, and it was off to the races.
We had no money and so I worked as a tech writer, first for a pharmaceutical company and then for an environmental engineering company.  During this period (1989-1995), I wrote three abortive first books and then an actual one, “CivilWarLand in Bad Decline.”  One of the stories from this book, “Offloading for Mrs. Schwartz,” ran in The New Yorker in 1992 – the beginning of a long and fruitful relationship with that magazine.
Since 1996 I’ve taught in the Syracuse MFA program, where I’ve had the privilege of teaching some of the most remarkable young American writers of the last 15 years.  I write short stories for The New Yorker and travel pieces for GQ.  The latter have been part of an attempt to avoid the mental rictus that comes with old age.  I’ve traveled to Africa with Bill Clinton, reported on Nepal’s “Buddha Boy,” gone on patrol with the “Minute Men” on the Mexican border, spent a week in the theme hotels of Dubai, and lived incognito in a homeless tent city in Fresno, California.
In addition to my new book, “Tenth of December,” I’ve written three other short story collections "Pastoralia," "CivilWarLand in Bad Decline" (both New York Times Notable Books) and, most recently, "In Persuasion Nation."  “CivilWarLand in Bad Decline” was a Finalist for the PEN/Hemingway Award.  “In Persuasion Nation” was one of three finalists for the 2006 STORY Prize for best short story collection of the year.  I’ve also written a novella-length illustrated fable, "The Brief and Frightening Reign of Phil" the New York Times bestselling children's book, "The Very Persistent Gappers of Frip," illustrated by Lane Smith, (which has won major children’s literature prizes in Italy and the Netherlands), and, most recently, a book of essays, “The Braindead Megaphone.”
I’ve also written two screenplays (one of which is in development with Ben Stiller’s company, Red Hour Films) and have collaborated with the playwright Seth Bockley on stage adaptations of two of my stories, “Jon,” and “CommComm.”  The director Yehuda Duenyas staged “Pastoralia,” at PS 122, and a musical version of “The Very Persistent Gappers of Frip,” was produced and performed in Austin and Los Angeles.
 My work has appeared in the O’Henry, “Best American Short Story,” “Best Non-Required Reading,” “Best American Travel Writing,” and “Best Science Fiction” anthologies.  In support of my books, I’ve appeared on The Charlie Rose Show, Late Night with David Letterman, and The Colbert Report. 
I’ve read at hundreds of bookstores and universities, including the main reading at AWP in 2011, to a crowd of 2000, and events in support of the work of PEN/ACLU at the Sundance Film Festival and Cooper Union.  I’ve also read and taught in Russia, Belize, England, Amsterdam, Italy, and this summer will be a Writer in Residence at DISQUIET, in Portugal.
In 2001, I was selected by Entertainment Weekly as one of the 100 top most creative people in entertainment, and by The New Yorker in 2002 as one of the best writers 40 and under.  In 2006, I was awarded both a Guggenheim Fellowship and a MacArthur Fellowship.  In 2009 I received an Academy Award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters.  I still teach at Syracuse, and live in the Catskills.

Georges Saunders



George Saunders




"I really love Russian writers, especially from the 19th and early 20th Century: Gogol, Tolstoy, Chekhov, Babel. I love the way they take on the big topics. I’m also inspired by a certain absurdist comic tradition that would include influences like Mark Twain, Daniil Kharms, Groucho Marx, Monty Python, Steve Martin, Jack Handey, etc. And then, on top of that, I love the strain of minimalist American fiction writing: Sherwood Anderson, Ernest Hemingway, Raymond Carver, Tobias Wolff."



George Saunders





The Tenth of December

Cover story in The New York Times Magazine
PBS Newshour
George Saunders — the beloved cult author known for surreal short stories about American nuttiness — is the master of joy bombs: little explosions of grin-stimulating genius that he buries throughout his deeply thoughtful, endlessly entertaining flights of imagination. His fourth story collection, Tenth of December, brims with laboriously constructed nuggets that will make you beam with unmitigated glee. . . . an irresistible mix of humor and humanity.”—Entertainment Weekly, grade A review
“A book for everyone from serious students of the American short story to those folks just looking for a good read. . . . Saunders is one of the most gifted and seriously successful comic short story writers working in America today. . . . George Saunders is the real thing, the successor to such dark comedians of ordinary speech as Donald Barthelme and Grace Paley. He's a Vonnegutian in his soul and, paradoxically, a writer like no one but himself.”—Alan Cheuse, NPR All Things Considered
“It's no exaggeration to say that short story master George Saunders helped change the trajectory of American fiction. . . . Saunders's characters cling to hope as tenaciously as ever in his new collection,  set in a kind of Dark Ages middle America defined by Darwinian class striving, simulated bread-and-circus distractions (Mr. Saunders is fascinated by amusement parks and reality television) and the substitution of bureaucracy for ethics.”—Wall Street Journal
“Saunders' highly original stories burst with life and characters, showing us the fullness of the soul.”—Minneapolis Star Tribune  
Chicago Tribune interview with Saunders 
“If storytelling is a form of kinship network, binding readers together in a shared experience, then Saunders is as much an ‘earth mover’ as the best engineer.”—Financial Times 
“You could take every class offered in the Oberlin liberal arts catalogue and still not get as close as Saunders does in these pages to understanding the connections among sexism, racism, post-colonialism, late-stage capitalism and white middle-class anxiety. (And you certainly wouldn’t find yourself laughing uproariously at it all.). . . . Each one of these is as funny and off-kilter and formally ingenious as you want a Saunders story to be, but each one is also something else: unabashedly tender.”—Washington Post
“George Saunders captures the fragmented rhythms, disjointed sensory input, and wildly absurd realities of the 21st century experience like no other writer.”—Boston Globe
“It's tough to think of a living short-story writer - or even a dead one - who garners as much peer approval as George Saunders. Alice Munro, maybe, but that's about it. . . . It’s Saunders whose name is both whispered in reverent tones and shouted from the rooftops by other authors. His sparkling new story collection Tenth of Decemberdemonstrates why. . . . Throughout this collection, Saunders uses humor to amplify tension rather than avoid it, and the results are superb. Many of the 10 stories are comfortable with making us uncomfortable. They go for the jugular instead of the funny bone, and they're capable of astounding, unnerving and delighting all at once. The prose is so smartly crafted throughout that it makes me want to go back and re-evaluate all of Saunders' previous books. But first I plan to re-reread this new collection one more time.”—San Francisco Chronicle
“No one writes more powerfully than George Saunders about the lost, the unlucky, the disenfranchised, those Americans who struggle to pay the bills, make the rent, hold onto a job they might detest — folks who find their dreams slipping from their grasp as they frantically tread water, trying to keep from drowning. . . . What injects such schematic moral dramas with real vitality is the energy of Mr. Saunders’s kinetic prose and his ability to depict his characters from both the outside (with plenty of satirical snarl) and the inside (with some genuine feeling). . . . . Regarding the stunning title story in this volume, which itself makes this book worth reading, it’s a deeply affecting tale about the collision of two lives. . . . It’s a measure of Mr. Saunders’s talents as a writer — his brassy language, his narrative instincts, his bone-deep understanding of his characters — that he takes what might have been a contrived and sentimental parable and turns it into a visceral and moving act of storytelling.”—Michiko Kakutani, New York Times                 
“George Saunders Lives Up To The Hype. . . Tenth of December probably will turn out to be one of the best new books I read in 2013 because Saunders is, indeed, something special. . . . Saunders' short stories have it all — the flexibility of language, the social criticism, the moral ambition, the entertaining dark humor. Check back with me at the end of 2013; if his collection isn't in this year's top 10, it will really have been an extraordinary year for books.”—Maureen Corrigan, NPR, Fresh Air
“Saunders is one of the most audacious and inventive voices in American literature.”—Austin American Statesman 
“George Saunders is a writer of staggering tools.”—Dallas Morning News
“[The Tenth of December] is A brilliant book from a brilliant author.”—Daily Nebraskan




LINCOLN IN THE BARDO
In his long-awaited first novel, American master George Saunders delivers his most original, transcendent, and moving work yet. Unfolding in a graveyard over the course of a single night, narrated by a dazzling chorus of voices, Lincoln in the Bardo is a literary experience unlike any other.
February 1862. The Civil War rages while President Lincoln's beloved eleven-year-old son is gravely ill. In a matter of days, Willie dies and is laid to rest in a Georgetown cemetery. Newspapers report that a grief-stricken Lincoln returns to the crypt several times alone to hold his boy's body.
From that seed of historical truth, George Saunders spins an unforgettable story of familial love and loss that breaks free of its realistic, historical framework into a thrilling, supernatural realm both hilarious and terrifying. Willie Lincoln finds himself in a strange purgatory -- called, in the Tibetan tradition, the bardo. Within this transitional state, where ghosts mingle, gripe, and commiserate, a monumental struggle erupts over young Willie's soul.
Lincoln in the Bardo is a bold step forward from one of the most important and influential writers of his generation. Saunders has invented a thrilling new form that deploys a kaleidoscopic, theatrical panorama of voices -- living and dead, historical and invented -- to ask a timeless question: How do we live and love when we know that everything we love must end?


George Saunders in New York

Awards and honors

Awards won

  • National Magazine Award for Fiction, 1994 – "The 400-Pound CEO", short story, published in Harper's Magazine
  • National Magazine Award for Fiction, 1996 – "Bounty", short story, published in Harper's Magazine
  • National Magazine Award for Fiction, 2000 – "The Barber's Unhappiness", short story, published in The New Yorker
  • National Magazine Award for Fiction, 2004 – "The Red Bow", short story, published in Esquire
  • 2nd Prize in the 1997 O. Henry Awards – "The Falls", short story, published in The New Yorker (January 22, 1996 issue)
  • Lannan Foundation – Lannan Literary Fellowship, 2001
  • MacArthur Fellowship, 2006
  • Guggenheim Fellowship, 2006
  • American Academy of Arts and Letters, Academy Award, 2009
  • World Fantasy Award for Best Short Story – "CommComm", published in The New Yorker (August 1, 2005 issue)
  • PEN/Malamud Award for Excellence in the Short Story, 2013
  • The Story Prize, 2013 – Tenth of December: Stories
  • Folio Prize, 2014 – Tenth of December: Stories
  • The New York Times Book Review, "10 Best Books of 2013", Tenth of December: Stories
  • American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Elected as Member, 2014
  • Booker Prize, 2017 – Lincoln in the Bardo

Finalist Honor
  • PEN/Hemingway Award, 1996 – Finalist – CivilWarLand in Bad Decline
  • The Story Prize, 2006 – Finalist – In Persuasion Nation
  • National Book Award for Fiction, 2014 – Finalist – Tenth of December: Stories
  • Bram Stoker Award, 2011 – Finalist – "Home" (short story)



WORKS

FICTION
  • CivilWarLand in Bad Decline (1996) (short stories and a novella)
  • Pastoralia (2000) (short stories and a novella)
  • The Very Persistent Gappers of Frip (2000) (novella)
  • The Brief and Frightening Reign of Phil (2005) (novella)
  • In Persuasion Nation (2006) (short stories)
  • Tenth of December: Stories (2013) (short stories)
  • A Two-Minute Note to the Future (2014)
  • Lincoln in the Bardo (2017) (novel)

NONFICTION
  • A Bee Stung Me, So I Killed All the Fish (Notes from the Homeland 2003–2006) (2006)
  • The Braindead Megaphone (2007) (collected essays)
  • Congratulations, by the way: Some Thoughts on Kindness (2014)